NATIONAL PRESS & REGIONAL PRESS

NATIONAL PRESS & REGIONAL PRESS

DEFINITIONS-  

·         NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES, AND THOSE PARTS OF TELEVISION AND RADIO THAT BROADCAST NEWS OR REPORTERS AND PHOTOGRAPHERS WHO WORK FOR THEM.

·         ITS COLUMNS HAVE NEVER BEEN CONFINED TO ANY ONE DISTRICT OR LOCALITY. THEY HAVE BEEN EVER OPEN TO THE STATEMENT OF THE WRONGS AND GRIEVANCES- THE VIEWS AND FEELING OF THE PEOPLE IN ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY.

·         NEWSPAPERS WHICH CONCERN NATIONAL EVENTS OF A COLLECTIVELY.

·         NEWSPAPERS WHICH SELL IN ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY.

·         INVOLVING OR RELATING TO A NATION AS A WHOLE IS CALLED NATIONAL NEWSPAPER.

HISTORY OF PRESS-

·         FIRST MAJOR N.P. ‘THE BENGAL GAZETTE’ BY JAMES AUGUSTS HICKEY IN 1780. THE CALCUTTA GAZETTE, THE MADRAS COURIER. THE CIRCULATION OF PAPERS DURING THIS EARLY PERIOD NEVER EXCEEDED A HUNDRED  OR TWO HUNDRED. THESE JOURNALS .

·         TOI 1838 DAILY EDITION STARTED 1850 NAMED BOMBAY TIMES RENAMED 1861 TOI.

·         THE HIDU ESTD. 1878, BUT PUBLISHED DAILY 1889.   

·         HINDUSTAN TIMES- 1924.

LANGUAGE OR REGINOL PREES.

·         During the Independence struggle and after, the Indian newspapers had flourished and expanded,

·         Gaining wider circulation and extensive readership. Compared to many other developing countries,

·         The growth of the regional Press has been impressive. Apart from English language, newspapers.

·         According to the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) and KPMG 2013 , Hindi will grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate  (CAGR) of 10.8 per cent from 201`2-2017.  Other language will grow at 10.9 %.

·         The regional press is one of the foremost challenges for national press.

·         So that national press changed their strategy according to regional press.

·         The first newspaper in an Indian language was the Samachar Darpan in Bengali. The first issue of this daily was published on May 1818,

·         The first Hindi newspaper The Samachar Sudha Varshan started its circulation in 1854.

FACTORS OF CHALLENGES

India is one of the fastest growing media markets in the world. It is not only newspapers but

Other media forms which are also growing at a fast pace like radio, television channels and internet.

Let us now look into some factors that have contributed to this boom of languages newspapers in India.

·         Increased the literacy rate: According to Census 2011 the literacy rate of India is 74.04% from 12% at the end of British rule in 1974. There is a steady rise in the literacy rates in all the states of our country. More and more people are being initiated into the world of reading and writing. They gradually learn to read newspapers and periodicals.  That the fastest growth rates in newspaper circulation were in states which showed the strongest growth rates of literacy.

·         Regional language awareness: Due to the growth of literacy rate people trend has increased towards the regional language. In this way the regional newspapers growth increased.

·         Change the mindset of people:  As people become more and more aware about political developments. But Along with this people be aware of local grievances and wants their solution from the administration. So they want to high lights the local grievances in press, and regional press are implementing this task well.

·         Expansion of the middle class: As the Indian middle class expands; it leads to an increase in the circulation of newspapers. When a household makes economic and educational progress, they consider it as a status symbol to subscribe to a newspaper.

·         Education of women: Male literacy rate is 82.14% and female literacy rate is 65.46% (20011 Census. ). The growth of literacy rate in female is 11.8% in comparison of 2001. And in mail the growth is only 6.9%it is often said that if you educate a woman you are educating the next generation. In India women are getting more and more educated and this in turn leads to education of children. Awareness also increases along with this. It contributes a lot to the growth of readership.

·         Technological advancement: In earlier days, starting a newspaper publication or establishment of a new edition was a costly affair. As technology has improved, it became easier for newspapers to start new editions. This hassled to an expansion of newspapers even into small cities and towns.

·         Better purchasing power: Improvement in the purchasing power of the common man is another factor which helped in the growth of newspapers. Coupled with this, newspapers also started reducing their prices. So it became affordable for the common man.

·         Aggressive marketing:  The regional Newspapers and periodicals are adopting aggressive marketing Strategies to attract more readers. They offer various schemes with gifts to attract subscribers. They also offer concessions for long term subscriptions. All these have resulted in an increase of newspaper sales.